Not all people who lie are pathological liars. Here's what everybody needs to know about this problematic behavior.
Drew A. Curtis and Christian L. Hart found that when investigating lying behaviors in 807 participants, 13% indicated that they self-identified as pathological liars or that others had identified them as such. Pathological lying was defined as telling various lies each day for longer than six months.
According to the authors of the aforementioned study, “People who identified as pathological liars reported greater distress, impaired functioning, and more danger than people not considered pathological liars. Pathological lying seemed to be compulsive, with lies growing from an initial lie, and done for no apparent reason.”
Various hypotheses have been suggested to explain pathological lying. For instance, lie-telling becomes so habituated it turns into a natural response, and the liar no longer distinguishes on a conscious level between what is true and what is false. Other contributing factors may include cognitive/social immaturity, maladaptive problem-solving strategies, and a strategy to perpetuate antisocial behavior.
Many people who lie are not pathological liars per se. Some research has demonstrated that people lie on average twice a day. Other research shows that most people report telling no lies within the past 24 hours, while a small number have told many lies. Ultimately, pathological lying is distinguished from normative or, even, prolific lying.
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