Are “bullet dwarfs” the explanation for strange galaxies without dark matter?
But other scientists are skeptical that there’s enough evidence to support this backstory. “If this is true, I think it would be really exciting. I just don’t think the bar has been met,” says astronomer Michelle Collins of the University of Surrey in Guildford, England.. The invisible, mysterious substance is typically detectable in galaxies via its gravitational effects on stars.
In such a collision, the dwarf galaxies’ ethereal dark matter would continue on unperturbed, because the dark matter doesn’t interact with other matter. But the gas from the two galaxies would slam together, eventually forming multiple clumps that would each become its own galaxy, free of dark matter.
Now, van Dokkum and colleagues say that the bullet dwarf idea explains the two previously reported dark matter–free galaxies — and several other galaxies nearby. The two galaxies are moving away from each other as if they had come from the same spot, the researchers say. What’s more, the two galaxies are part of a chain of 11 galaxies aligned in a row, a structure that could have formed in the aftermath of a bullet dwarf collision.
Two galaxies found to be free of dark matter, NGC 1052-DF2 and NGC 1052-DF4, are part of a line of 11 galaxies total . That linear arrangement of galaxies could have been produced by an ancient collision of two progenitor galaxies.
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