Q: Why is the word “yellowhammer” associated with Alabama?
A: According to an Encyclopedia of Alabama article, the northern flicker , also known as the “yellowhammer,” was adopted as the state bird of Alabama in 1927.
“It is found year-round in Cuba, most of the United States, Mexico, and parts of Central America,” the article says. “One of the few migratory species of woodpecker, it flies to Alaska and Canada except the polar regions during the breeding season. In Alabama, northern flickers are found throughout the year, but they are most abundant during the winter, when northern populations migrate to the warm southern states to find food and join the resident bird population.
The northern flicker is a relatively large species, with both males and females measuring up to 11 to 12 inches in length.“Like other woodpeckers, northern flickers drum by rapidly hitting solid objects with their beak to communicate with each other,” the article says. “Males will drum and use various displays such as head- and body-bobbing ‘dances’ to court females and signify their territory to other males.
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