A psychologist at Cornell University has been studying the evolution of cinema over the past century. He's identified several ways in which movies have changed, all of which, he argues, help hold the attention of audiences. (From 2014)
looks and feels nothing like the 1933 version. The newer Kong appears in vivid color, and thanks to CGI he’s a convincingly lifelike beast. The original soundtrack is tinny and shrill; in the newer one, the great ape’s snorts and growls are deep and realistic.
, Cutting found an average of 1,132 shots per film in a smaller sample of 150 movies made between 1935 and 2010; theThe average shot length in English language films has been declining, according to research by James Cutting. The graph in top right shows the same trend reflected in a larger dataset compiled by the British film scholar Barry Salt.Cutting says some people have tried to pin declining shot lengths on MTV, by invoking a sort of video-killed-the-attention-span hypothesis.
What that means, Cutting says, is that no matter how hard we try to focus, our attention has a natural tendency to waver. “People flake out every few seconds,” he said. “You fluctuate in and out, and there’s a natural pattern to this.” But filmmakers risk irritating audiences if they bombard them with frenetic motion for too long. The graph below shows what Cutting calls the "triangle of tolerability,” a sweet spot where the shot duration and amount of motion are well suited to keep viewers’ attention. The black dots in the lower right corner represent the average shot length and motion index for entire films. The white and gray dots to the left represent sequences, and fragments of sequences from within movies.
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