Drug licensing as evidence of evolution, diffusion and catch-up in East Asia
While the Americas out-license more projects to East Asia, their East Asian project count as a percentage of their total worldwide is lower than that of the Europe, Middle East and Africa region . This is caused by the different roles of overseas expansion and transnational licensing: mature multinational corporations with established overseas arms may prefer to launch new biopharmaceutical products by themselves.
For the out-licensing projects initiated in East Asian jurisdictions , focuses were on Japan first, but then shifted to South Korea and more recently to mainland China. Taiwan has never received a sizable number of out-licensing projects, and hence may not prove a pivotal link in this route. In brief, for stakeholders interested in the East Asian markets, the changes in out-licensing focuses can be described as a shift toward a United States–Japan–South Korea–mainland China route (Fig.
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