Next on our list of the best NBTAcademicStartups spun out from academic institutions in 2021 are EnsomaBio and InteriusBio, two companies developing tools to do cell and gene engineering directly in the human body
to give transduced cells a survival edge after treatment with CD33-directed immune therapy.
That he and others have deeply studied their biology for decades gives adenoviral platforms an advantage, Lieber says. “We knew where the pathways were that could trigger these toxicities and we could counteract them pharmacologically.” Kim also points out that there are other ways to prevent these problems, such as administering steroids to “pre-empt anything that might be toxic.” But, she points out, it will be on them to convince the FDA that it is safe.
To generate CAR-T cells in vivo, Interius, and Sana before them, are using lentiviral vectors, which integrate into the host genome. As T cells are highly proliferative, “you need a vector that is going to remain there for the life of the T cell and its daughter cells,” Gill says. “The other advantage is that it’s largely non-immunogenic.”
So far, the Interius vector shows target cell specificity >99.9% in cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, says Dora Mitchell, senior vice president of operations and chief of staff at Interius. In humanized mouse models, the vector “efficiently creates CAR-T cells that eliminate normal and malignant B cells.”
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