Dark, flat-topped mesas stand out amid the surrounding lighter-toned landscape in northwest Sudan. This detailed photograph, taken by astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS), shows dark surfaces in the hyper-arid eastern Sahara Desert in Sudan. These surfaces are flat-topped mesas
Photograph taken by astronauts aboard the International Space Station on December 25, 2019, shows dark surfaces in the hyper-arid eastern Sahara Desert in Sudan. This detailed photograph, taken by astronauts aboard the International Space Station , shows dark surfaces in the hyper-arid eastern Sahara Desert in Sudan. These surfaces are flat-topped mesas that rise 230–460 feet above the surrounding lighter-toned landscape.
A mesa is an isolated, flat-topped elevation, ridge, or hill that is surrounded on all sides by steep escarpments and stands distinctly above a surrounding plain. The bed of a dry river winds across the middle of the image. A dotted pattern of trees and clumps of bushes follow the line of the riverbed, indicating that roots are reaching the subsurface water.
Analysis of the height of the mesas and the rock units exposed in the cliff faces allows geologists to interpret the evolution of the area’s landscape. It is possible to conclude that the rock layer forming the two mesas was more extensive in the past, and that it has been stripped away by river and wind erosion to produce the younger, light-toned surface seen today.
Eroded desert landscapes with strongly contrasting darker and lighter-toned surfaces result from both physical and chemical
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