Ever wonder how sustainable farms grow beautiful produce without harmful chemicals and fertilizer? Alex speaks with a farmer for some tips you can use for your garden at home.
It may not be pretty, but soil is literally the foundation to a successful garden. Just like your plants, the soil is alive too! It's filled with microorganisms that make nutrients accessible for your plants. Healthy soil should support beautiful plants without fertilizer and some harsh fertilizers can harm the health of your soil in the long term.
At ELIJA Farms in Dix Hills, New York, the fields are filled with rye and legumes early in the season. The rye keeps the soil from eroding and suppresses weeds because it grows all winter long. Now that the weather is warming up, the rye will be cut back and serve as a mulch for the plants embedded within it. Unlike rye grass lawns, annual rye won't return unless it's replanted or left to set seed.
Peas, beans, and chickpeas are just a few of the more than 16,000 species in the bean family. As diverse as they are, they all take nitrogen from the air and bring it back into the soil thanks to a partnership with soil bacteria called rhizobia.
Companion planting may not bring instant results, but this method of gardening improves soil health and will support crops for many years, unlike some fertilizers that bring quick results but can pollute the ground when used excessively.
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