The NASA data set is over 5,000 times larger than the GPT-3 data set, making this a monumental task, but the benefits could be ground-breaking.
... [+]NASA has a massive amount of data and it receives more every day. While some of the data is processed immediately, much of the data is archived to be processed later, sometimes years later. This situation needs to change if researchers are to utilize the data to investigate critical issues with dynamically changing characteristics like global climate change.
To put this task into perspective, the GPT-3 data set, which led to the development of ChatGPT AI platform that recently passed a Wharton MBA exam, represents about 45TB of data. By comparison, NASA estimates that its data set could be upwards of 250PB . With 1PB equal to 1,000TB, the NASA data set is over 5,000 times larger than the GPT-3 data set, making this a monumental task, but the benefits could be ground-breaking.
Previously, IBM estimated that 90% of data collected is never used, and in their press invitation, IBM and NASA noted that “Currently, half of all scientific findings come from archived data, which makes it challenging for researchers to study ever-evolving threats such as climate change.” Efficiently mining the enormous amount of archival data needs the power of AI.
The first foundation model will be trained on over 300,000 earth science publications, where contextual information will be extracted. This stage will enhance search and investigation of existing data. A second model will be trained on USGS and NASA’ssatellite dataset. HLS2 takes data from the joint NASA/USGS Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 and the ESA Sentinel-2A and Sentinel-2B satellites to generate harmonized, analysis-ready, surface reflectance data every two to three days.
According to the NASA web page, the harmonization of the Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 data collection with the ESA Sentinel-2A/B collection will allow these data sets to be used as if they were a single collection. Using this harmonized data set, land-surface observations can be created that offer a 30-meter spatial resolution every two to three days.
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