Life expectancy at birth dropped in all but two of the countries studied between 2019 and 2020
impact of covid-19 across countries is difficult. One reason is that official figures about virus-related deaths can be unreliable . Another is that mortality rates differ by age: the old are more likely to die from the disease than the young. So the effect of the virus on a country depends not only on mortality rates in each age group, but also on the age structure of its population.
. Only in Denmark and Norway, and for women in Finland, did it rise. America, which has reported the world’s highest covid-19 death toll, fared worst, with male life expectancy at birth falling by more than two years. But in many other countries, including Italy, Poland and Spain, more than one year was wiped off expected lifespans.
Demographers are used to seeing life expectancy rise steadily over time: in the 20th century lifespans in Britain rose by roughly three years every decade. The data from 2020 buck this trend. Life expectancy at birth last year fell below 2015 levels for women in more than half of the countries studied, and for men in more than a third. For many Western European countries, like Belgium and Spain, the drop was the largest in a single year since the second world war.
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