If there is any doubt about climate change, look no further than the coldest regions of the planet for proof that the planet is warming at unprecedented rates, experts say.
"These have real-world impacts, whenever extreme cold air leaks out of the Arctic, because of that weakening polar vortex," Moerman said."And it goes into areas that are not prepared for that extreme weather."
But access has the potential to become a"hotbed for new conflict" as nations fight for control over the newly emerged routes, Moerman said. But as more ships come in and out of the region, the chances that large-scale environmental degradation will occur is high, Moerman said. In Alaska, the number of beaver ponds has doubled since 2000, likely due to the warming trend that has resulted in widespread greening in what was previously tundra, the Arctic Report Card found. The rapid acidification of the warming ocean waters is likely affecting the marine food chain, Moon said. And the increased marine traffic for both fishing and shipping is also likely affecting stress levels and behavior of species, including how they communicate, Moon added.
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