A forest often echoes with the sounds of its inhabitants, especially after rainfall.
, luring insect relatives called springtails and killing them possibly with a toxin, sharing the animal's nitrogen with their host trees.
While some mycorrhizal fungi penetrate the cell walls of their host plants, ectomycorrhizal fungi likeThese sheaths are made of hyphae, the rootlike filaments that fuel the growth of a fungus. When the hyphae of mycorrhizal fungi link underground they form interconnected systems known as mycorrhizal networks. Such underground networks have been proposed as acting as a kind of"wood-wide web," where entire forests communicate via chemical signals down tree roots and mycorrhizal fungi.
While mycorrhizal networks are real, there is too little evidence to know if they reach the scale and complexity often attributed to wood-wide webs. Many popular accounts of this phenomenonNonetheless, this study adds to a growing body of research that delves into the details of these relationships, revealing fascinating details about how they work.
Previous studies have shown fungi produce variations in electrical potentials seemingly in response to changes in their environment, with clues suggesting these signals serve as a form of communication.. The study identified up to 50 different"words," or groups of spikes in electrical activity, generated by fungal networks.underground, possibly even without help from mycorrhizal fungi.
While spikes of electric potential have been seen in fungi before, sometimes in response to water or other stimuli, most studies have focused on limited types of fungi grown on artificial media or collected from the field under laboratory conditions, the authors of the new study note.mushrooms they found growing on the side of a forest trail.
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