The archives, which open on March 2, chronicle a fraught period for the Vatican, during which time it remained silent about the Holocaust.
."I think and hope the archives will show how important moral authorities are in dangerous times."Photo by Archivio Cicconi/Getty Images
More than 8,000 Jews throughout Italy eventually died in Nazi camps, with 30,000 having lived in hiding until Allied forces liberated them. In 2012, Yad Vashem, Israel's Holocaust museum and memorial, revised an exhibit about the pope's actions, changing the language from saying Pius"did not intervene" in actions against the Jews deported from Rome to noting he"did not publicly protest." The revision followed the opening of the Pius XI archives, 30,000 volumes where much of what is known about Pius XII originates.
"This is not simply a matter of understanding Church history, but getting a better understanding of European and world history for these eventful years, not only the years of the war, but the political conflicts and dramas of the postwar years," David Kertzer, a professor of anthropology and Italian studies at Brown University whose research focuses primarily on the Italian Fascist regime, wrote in an email.
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