IM2023: Emerging biomarkers and treatments offer more options to diagnose and manage Alzheimers disease and related dementias, but high costs and potentially serious complications mean using them with caution.
Christos Evangelou, MSc, PhDSAN DIEGO – Emerging biomarkers and treatments offer more options to diagnose and manage Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, but high costs and potentially serious complications mean using them with caution, said a presenter at the annual meeting of the American College of Physicians.
Diagnostic criteria for AD include evidence of significant cognitive decline in at least one cognitive domain that interferes with independence in everyday activities, as well as the absence of another mental disorder or delirium that would explain the cognitive deficits. "In most cases, an accurate history, physical and neurologic examinations, basic labs, and neuroimaging are sufficient for memory loss evaluation. However, as more disease-modifying therapies come to market, biomarkers will rise in importance in primary care," he said.
"The approved medications can exert subtle benefits that are clinically observable. Thus, barring any contraindications or intolerance, most patients with AD would benefit from a trial of one or both of these medication classes," said Dr. Tan. He added that it is equally important to wean off and discontinue these medications if there is intolerance or lack of a subjective or objective beneficial response.
Disease-modifying agents have recently provided new hope for AD treatment. Aducanumab and lecanemab, both monoclonal antibodies that target amyloids, are the first two drugs that received accelerated FDA approval for AD.
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