Many-body localization destroyed in chains of ultracold atoms.
When electrons move through a disordered material, they zigzag between imperfections. If there is enough disorder, the electrons can become trapped, inhibiting the material’s ability to conduct electricity.
This phenomenon is known as Anderson localization, and it was proved to be true for any strength of disorder in a one-dimensional system of wave-like particles, such as electrons, as long as they don’t interact with one another. The picture changes when they do interact — a case known as many-body localization, which is still a subject of debate. Many-body localization arises only when the strength of the disorder is greater than that of the interactions.
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