Rosalind Franklin--who was key to working out the structure of poliovirus although she died at just 37--was so much more than the ‘wronged heroine’ of DNA
. This work revealed the main difference between coke and char — two products of burning coal. Coke could be transformed into crystalline graphite at high temperatures, whereas char could not. The work also helped to explain why coke burns so efficiently — hot and with little smoke. This makes it useful in industrial processes that need to create vast quantities of heat, such as smelting in steel foundries.
Franklin produced detailed X-ray diffraction images, which would become her hallmark. At one point, she corrected James Watson’s interpretation of TMV’s helical structure. Knowledge of the virus’s structure allowed other scientists to forge ahead in the early days of molecular biology and use TMV as a model to help break the genetic code.
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