More than 60 years after it was initially discussed, the idea that saliva analysis can be used to detect different types of cancer is gaining traction in the scientific community.
. Based on artificial intelligence and machine learning, the tool analyzes a saliva sample for the activity of genes belonging to. For unknown reasons, this community is modified when a tumor develops on the lips, tongue, throat or surrounding areas.
“For decades, saliva was considered a stepchild of blood,” says chemist Chamindie Punyadeera, who spent a decade working on Viome’s saliva diagnostic test. Now at Griffith University in Australia, she is lead author of a 2021 study describing the test’s development in. But that view of saliva as an afterthought could begin to change in the coming years as techniques to analyze it advance and a better understanding develops of what information it can hold.
“The goal of saliva diagnostics is to develop rapid, noninvasive detection of oral and systemic diseases,” write dental scientists Taichiro Nonaka of Louisiana State University and David T.W.
But “the study of diagnostics through saliva is a relatively new field,” says Nonaka. It wasn’t until the last decade, he says, that it became known that salivary glands — parotid, submandibular, and sublingual, as well as other minor glands, in close proximity to blood vessels — transfer molecular information.
Today, in saliva — and also in blood — scientists are beginning to look for and find circulating tumor DNA , which is DNA that is shed from cancer cells when a tumor is present in the body. Multiple studies have identified biomarkers — such as proteins that are produced in higher quantities in cancer cells or genetic changes that occur in tumor cells — that could be used to detect tumors of the
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