Millions of salmon return to Alaska's rivers and streams to spawn and die. Their carcasses enrich the water, make young salmon hardier and are an integral part of the ecosystems they inhabit.
A dead chum salmon in the Delta River after it had returned more than 1,000 miles from the ocean to spawn.
The process starts with the return of millions of salmon to Alaska rivers and streams. Nosing their way upstream, salmon are a swimming package of protein, fats and nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus. Aquatic insects also feed on specks of decaying salmon, and fish and birds reap the benefits of more insects. Nitrogen and phosphorus from the “salmon tea” that rivers become can penetrate the soil to about 200 feet from a stream, and scientists have found traces of ocean-derived nitrogen in shrubs and trees more than 1,500 feet from Southeast Alaska streams.
Juvenile fish exposed to salmon were higher in omega-3 fatty acids than fish in water without carcasses and had much higher levels of lipids, fats that serve as energy reserves during lean times.
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