Stalagmites reveal Australia's pre-colonial bushfire history

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Stalagmites reveal Australia's pre-colonial bushfire history
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Like Plato's Cave, where fires reveal the portrait of an otherwise hidden reality, researchers have for the first time used a stalagmite's chemical signal to reveal the nature of Australia's historic wildfires, identifying differences before and after European settlement.

contained in cave stalagmites," says Prof Andy Baker, project chief investigator from UNSW's School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences."However, hiding in the shadows all along was this geochemical record of past fires."Geochimica et Cosmochimica Actaand the intervening years since its formation, allowing researchers to link local fires with any climatic antecedents.

This is the first study in which a stalagmite's geochemistry has been used to describe historical fires. The technique relies upon the stalagmite's composition, the variation in its elements and the order in which they were laid down. can lead to a flush of organic matter into the dripwaters that form stalagmites. This causes annual dark bands alternating with light calcite bands in summer. This means that these stalagmites can be easily and precisely dated by counting back the annual layers."

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