The biggest known canyon in the Solar System is getting the star treatment in new images from the European Space Agency's Mars Express orbiter.
The biggest known canyon in the Solar System is getting the star treatment in new images from the European Space Agency'sAs it whooshed by in Martian orbit, the spacecraft captured a pair of gouges in the planet's surface that make up part of the Valles Marineris, a system of canyons known as the Grand Canyon of Mars.At 4,000 kilometers long and 200 miles wide, Valles Marineris is almost 10 times longer and 20 times wider than the vast canyon system found in North America.
Valles Marineris, scientists think, formed back when Mars did have tectonic plates. Recent research has proposed that the canyon system formed as the result of aThe images from Mars Express make the canyon look relatively shallow, but the two chasmata are incredibly large; theis approximately 25 kilometers per pixel. Ius Chasma extends 840 kilometers in length in its entirety, and Tithonium Chasma 805 kilometers.
Tithonium is partially colored a darker hue in the top part of the image. This may have come from the nearby Tharsis volcanic regionof the chasma. Paler mounds arise from within this dark sand; these are actually mountains that stand more than 3 kilometers tall. That rock isn't impervious, either, though. To the lower right of the more visible of the mountains, features suggest a recent landslide of the canyon wall to the right.Interestingly, Mars Express has detected sulfate-bearing minerals in some of the features within Tithonium Chasma. This has been interpreted as evidence that the Chasma was once filled with water.
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