On September 12, 1962, then US president John F Kennedy informed the public of his plan to put a man on the Moon by the end of the decade.
It was the height of the Cold War and America needed a big victory to demonstrate its space superiority after the Soviet Union had launched the first satellite and put the first man in orbit.
Sixty years on, the United States is about to launch the first mission of its return program to the Moon, Artemis. But why repeat what has already been done? NASA wants to develop a sustainable human presence on the Moon, with missions lasting several weeks –- compared to just a few days for Apollo., radiation is much more intense and poses a real threat to health.
"We choose to go to the Moon," Kennedy told 40,000 people at Rice University,"because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win"
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