A long history of work on STIs and early studies of the current monkeypox outbreak suggest the virus may have made its way into tightly connected sexual networks within the MSM community, where it can spread in ways that it can’t in the general population.
Ever since monkeypox started to sicken thousands of people worldwide this spring, two big questions have loomed: Why is a virus that has never managed to spread beyond a few cases outside Africa suddenly causing such a big, global outbreak? And why are the overwhelming majority of those affected men who have sex with men ?
Since early May, more than 2000 monkeypox cases have been reported in more than 30 countries where the virus is not normally seen. But most researchers say such “ascertainment bias” is unlikely to explain the striking pattern. Although some monkeypox patients have mild infections that may be missed or misdiagnosed, others have very characteristic rashes and agonizing pains that require hospitalization for pain treatment. If many people outside the MSM community had monkeypox, more would have shown up in the statistics by now.
Graeme Lamb manages a bathhouse for men who have sex with men in Toronto that recently hosted a monkeypox vaccine clinic for people at high risk of infection.To those who study how pathogens spread through social and sexual networks, the pattern is not a big surprise.
in August to better understand the spread of the disease. “The idea is to get a sense of how many people report symptoms that are consistent with monkeypox and how they are connected,” he says.on 13 June, used U.K. data about sexual partnership patterns to model the spread of monkeypox among MSM and outside that group. Because it is not yet clear how contagious the virus is, the researchers modeled scenarios based on different risk levels.
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